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| T-Accounts Answers |
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A T-account is an informal, visual aid used in double-entry
bookkeeping to represent an individual general ledger account. It is named
for its resemblance to the letter "T" and is a fundamental tool for
understanding and tracking how financial transactions affect a business's
accounts. |
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Key components and functions: |
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Account Title: Written above the horizontal line (e.g.,
"Cash," "Accounts Payable"). |
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Debits (DR): Recorded
on the left side
of the vertical line. For asset and expense accounts, debits increase the
balance, while for liability, equity, and revenue accounts, they decrease the
balance. |
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Credits (CR): Recorded
on the right side
of the vertical line. For liability, equity, and revenue accounts, credits
increase the balance, while for asset and expense accounts, they decrease the
balance. |
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Visualization and Balancing: T-accounts help visualize that every transaction has an
equal and opposite effect (a debit and a credit) to keep the accounting
equation (Assets = Liabilities + Equity) in balance. The final step is to
total each side and find the difference to determine the account's ending
balance. |
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Cash |
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Inventory |
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Owner's Equity-Mia |
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Debit |
Credit |
Balance |
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Debit |
Credit |
Balance |
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Debit |
Credit |
Balance |
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| Transactions |
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Ref # |
Increase |
Decrease |
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Ref # |
Increase |
Decrease |
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Ref # |
Decrease |
Increase |
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| Transaction 1 |
Investing in the Business |
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1 |
5.00 |
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5.00 |
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5 |
6.00 |
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6.00 |
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1 |
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3.00 |
3.00 |
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Closing Books-Entries |
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Mia invests $3.00 and Leo invests $2.00 |
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2 |
5.00 |
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10.00 |
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6 |
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6.00 |
0.00 |
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CE-1 |
2.75 |
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0.25 |
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CE -Closing Entry |
Increase |
Decrease |
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| Transaction 2 |
Loan to the business |
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3 |
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10.00 |
0.00 |
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9 |
7.00 |
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7.00 |
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CE-2 |
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5.25 |
5.50 |
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Debit |
Credit |
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Mia loans the business $5.00 |
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4 |
6.00 |
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6.00 |
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10 |
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7.00 |
0.00 |
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Owner Draws-Leo |
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2.75 |
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| Transaction 3 |
Purchase of Equipment |
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5 |
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6.00 |
0.00 |
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Owner Draws-Mia |
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2.75 |
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Mia wrote a check for $10.00 for Equipment |
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6 |
10.00 |
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10.00 |
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Owner Equity-Leo |
2.75 |
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| Transaction 4 |
Mom's Loan-Accounts Payable |
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7 |
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10.00 |
0.00 |
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Owner's Equity-Mia |
2.75 |
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Mom Loans the business $6.00 |
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8 |
7.00 |
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7.00 |
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Accounts Payable-Mom |
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9 |
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7.00 |
0.00 |
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Close Owner Draws |
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| Transaction 5 |
Purchase of Inventory |
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10 |
13.50 |
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13.50 |
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to Owners Equity Accounts |
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Mia wrote a check for $6.00 to purchase Inventory |
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11 |
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8.00 |
5.50 |
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| Transaction 6 |
Sales Day 1-$10.00 |
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12 |
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5.50 |
0.00 |
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Sales |
23.50 |
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Sales were $10.00 and
Cost Of Sales were $6.00 |
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Cost Of Sales |
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13.00 |
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Cash Received was $10.00 and Inventory decreased by $6.00 |
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Owner Equity-Leo |
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5.25 |
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| Transaction 7 |
Paying Off Debts |
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Equipment |
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Owner Equity-Leo |
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Owner Equity-Leo |
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5.25 |
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Mia pays off Accounts Payable to Mom of $6.00 And |
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Debit |
Credit |
Balance |
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Debit |
Credit |
Balance |
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Mia pays off $4.00 of her loan balance -Loans Payable-Mia. |
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Ref # |
Increase |
Decrease |
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Ref # |
Decrease |
Increase |
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Transfer Profit of $10.50 |
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| Transaction 8 |
Mia Loan to Business |
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3 |
10.00 |
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10.00 |
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1 |
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2.00 |
2.00 |
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To Owner Equity Accounts |
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Mia loans the business $7.00 |
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CE-1 |
2.75 |
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-0.75 |
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| Transaction 9 |
Purchase of Inventory from Mom |
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CE-2 |
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5.25 |
4.50 |
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Bookkeeping closing
entries are journal entries |
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Mia pays Mom $7.00 for Invemtory |
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made at the end of an
accounting period to transfer |
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| Transaction 10 |
Sales Day 2-$13.50 |
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the balances of temporary
accounts |
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Sales were $13.50 and
Cost Of Sales were $7.00 |
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(Income Statement
Accounts) to permanent accounts |
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,Cash Received was $13.50 and Inventory decreased by $7.00 |
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(Balance Sheet Accounts), effectively
resetting |
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| Transaction 11 |
Paying Debts |
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the temporary accounts to
zero. |
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Mia pays herself $8.00 for the Loan still owed to her. |
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| Transaction 12 |
Paying Owners |
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Accounts Payable-Mom |
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Notes Payable-Mia |
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Owner Draws-Leo |
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The kids wat to draw out some money. |
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Debit |
Credit |
Balance |
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Debit |
Credit |
Balance |
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Debit |
Credit |
Balance |
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Mia pays Leo $2.75 and herself $2.75 |
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Ref # |
Decrease |
Increase |
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Ref # |
Decrease |
Increase |
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Ref # |
Increase |
Decrease |
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for a total cash outlay
of $5.50. |
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4 |
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6.00 |
6.00 |
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2 |
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5.00 |
5.00 |
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12 |
2.75 |
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2.75 |
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7 |
6.00 |
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0.00 |
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7 |
4 |
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1.00 |
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CE-1 |
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2.75 |
0.00 |
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| Closing |
See Formal Entries in the Upper Right Corner of the Sheet |
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8 |
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7.00 |
8.00 |
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| Entries |
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11 |
8 |
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0.00 |
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| CE-1 |
Transfer Owner Draws To Equity |
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See
Formal Entries in the Upper Right Corner of the
Sheet |
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Owner Equity-Leo $2.75 |
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Owner Equity -Mia $2.75 |
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Owner Draws-Leo -$2.75 |
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Owner Draws-Mia -$2.75 |
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| CE-2 |
Transfer Profits of $10.50 to Owner Equity |
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Sales |
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Cost Of Sales |
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Owner Draws-Mia |
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Sales $13.50 |
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Debit |
Credit |
Balance |
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Debit |
Credit |
Balance |
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Debit |
Credit |
Balance |
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Cost Of Sales -$13.00 |
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Ref # |
Decrease |
Increase |
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Ref # |
Increase |
Decrease |
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Ref # |
Increase |
Decrease |
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Owner Equity-Leo $5.25 |
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6 |
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10.00 |
10.00 |
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6 |
6.00 |
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6.00 |
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12 |
2.75 |
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2.75 |
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Owner Equity-Mia -$5.25 |
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11 |
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13.50 |
23.50 |
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10 |
7.00 |
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13.00 |
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CE-1 |
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2.75 |
0 |
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CE-2 |
23.50 |
13.50 |
13.50 |
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CE-2 |
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13.00 |
0.00 |
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Reference Formal
Closing Entry |
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in Upper Right Corner of this Sheet |
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Accounting Equation (Balance Sheet Equation) |
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Balances after Posting Transactions |
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Accounting Equation |
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Assets = Liabilities +
Owner Equity |
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Transaction 1 Investing
In Business |
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5.00 |
0.00 |
5.00 |
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Transaction 2 Loan to Business-Mia |
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10.00 |
5.00 |
5.00 |
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Transaction 3 Purchase Inventory |
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10.00 |
5.00 |
5.00 |
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Transaction 4 Mom Loan To Business |
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16.00 |
11.00 |
5.00 |
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Transaction 5 Purchase Of Inventory |
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16.00 |
11.00 |
5.00 |
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Transaction 6 Day 1 Sales |
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20.00 |
11.00 |
9.00 |
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Transaction 7 Pay Off Debts |
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10.00 |
1.00 |
9.00 |
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Transaction 8 Loan To Business-Mia |
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17.00 |
8.00 |
9.00 |
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Transaction 9 Purchase Inventory-Mom |
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17.00 |
8.00 |
9.00 |
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Transaction 10 Dales Day 2 |
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23.50 |
8.00 |
15.50 |
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Transaction 11 Paying Debts |
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15.50 |
0.00 |
15.50 |
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Transaction 12 Pay Owner Draws |
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10.00 |
0.00 |
10.00 |
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Note: Must Always Balance |
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